欧洲航空安全局发布首个有关600公斤以下无人机噪音水平测量的指南！

欧洲航空安全局（EASA）发布600公斤以下无人机噪音水平指南，为世界首个相关提案，适用于诸如多旋翼飞行器、固定翼航行器、直升机和动力升降机等各种无人机设计。

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) publishedguidelines to establish the noise levels of drones below 600 kg, the first proposal worldwide for this, applicable to a wide variety of drone designs including multicopters, fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and powered-lift aircraft.

这些指南旨在提供协调化程序，测量用于中低风险特定类别操作的无人机噪音水平，按照EASA基本法规的要求，有利于环境保护的高水平统一，防止噪音对欧盟国家人民造成有害的影响。

These guidelines aim at providing harmonised procedures to measure the noise of drones used in the low and medium-risk operations of the‘specific’ category. This will contribute to a high, uniform level of environmental protection and prevent significant harmful effects of noise on human health in the EU, as mandated by the EASA Basic Regulation.

这些指南的采用以自愿原则，不包括无人机证书的适用要求，目的在于缩小与特定类别噪音测量标准的差距。该类别的操作包括包裹配送、电力线检查、鸟类控制、测绘服务、空中监视或屋顶检查。

These guidelines are to be used on a voluntary basis and do not constitute applicable requirements for the certification of drones. They intend to close the gap relating to noise measurement standards in the ‘specific’ category. Operations within this category might include activities such as package deliveries, powerline inspections, bird control, mapping services, aerial surveillance or roof inspections.   

EASA认证负责人Rachel Daeschler表示，“这些新型航行器将用于各种地点，并引入不熟悉的噪声，随着设计的多样化而变化。EASA发现许多欧洲市民都非常在意噪音。这些指南旨在提供一致的测量方案，为制造商、国家航空局和其他相关机关设定标准。”

“These new types of aircraft will be used in a wide variety of locations and introduce unfamiliar sounds which vary with the diversity of design,” said EASA Certification Director Rachel Daeschler. “EASA recognises that noise is a concern for many European citizens. These guidelines aim to offer a consistent measurement method and will help set expectations for manufacturers, national aviation authorities and other relevant authorities.”

举一个例子，国家航空局可以使用这些指南作为操作者使用无人机的基本要求，减少在自然公园或人口稠密地区等敏感环境操作时的噪音污染。

As one example, National Aviation Authorities could utilise these guidelines as a basis for requesting operators to use drones with reduced noise emissions when operating in sensitive environments such as natural parks or in populated areas.

该指南同时也可用于无人机制造商、操作者或噪音测量组织建立有关特定设计和操作的噪音水平。由此产生的噪音水平应首先报告给EASA，他们打算建立一个在线公共存储库，供运营商和主管当局使用。

These guidelines can also be used by drone manufacturers, operators or noise measurement organisations to establish noise levels associated with particular designs and operations. It is recommended that the resulting noise levels be reported to EASA, which later intends to build an online public repository available to operators and competent authorities. 

拟议的程序为EASA数年无人机噪声研究的成果，将无人机噪音（心理声学）的技术方面和人类感知纳入考虑范围。程序的设计是为了提供可重复且精准的噪声测量，以便在各种无人机设计中进行公平的比对。他们与特定类别的操作相关，并与该类无人机的设计保持一定比例（在复杂性和成本方面）。

The proposed procedures are the outcome of several years of drone noise studies conducted by EASA, taking into consideration the technical aspects as well as human perception of drone noise (psychoacoustics). They are designed to provide repeatable and accurate noise measurements and to allow for a fair comparison between various drone designs. They are relevant to the operations of the‘specific’ category, while remaining proportionate (in complexity and cost) to the design of such drones. 

拟议的指南在2023年1月13日前向公众公开征求意见。评论意见可通过评论回应工具（CRT）提交。

The proposed guidelines are open to public consultation until January 13, 2023. Comments can be submitted through the Comment Response Tool (CRT).